Panting is a normal behavior for dogs, especially after exercise, during warm weather, or when they're excited. But if your dog seems to be panting excessively or at unusual times, it could indicate a deeper issue. While many causes of panting are harmless, some require immediate attention or lifestyle changes to address.
Why Do Dogs Pant?
Panting is a natural way for dogs to cool down since they don’t sweat the way humans do. Dogs release heat through their tongues and respiratory systems by breathing rapidly. However, excessive panting can be a symptom of stress, discomfort, or even medical problems.
Common Causes of Excessive Panting
1. Heat and Overheating
Panting is a primary way for dogs to regulate their body temperature. If your dog has been outside on a hot day or engaged in strenuous activity, panting helps them cool down.
- Signs of heatstroke: Heavy panting, drooling, bright red gums, weakness, or collapse.
- What to do: Move your dog to a shaded or air-conditioned area, offer cool (but not ice-cold) water, and contact your vet if symptoms persist.
2. Stress or Anxiety
Panting can also signal stress, fear, or anxiety. For example, your dog might pant excessively during thunderstorms, fireworks, or car rides.
- Signs of anxiety: Trembling, whining, pacing, or hiding.
- What to do: Try calming techniques, such as providing a quiet space, using calming sprays or supplements, or desensitising them to the trigger over time.
3. Pain or Discomfort
Dogs often pant when they’re in pain, even if they’re not showing other obvious signs. Causes of pain can range from injuries to chronic conditions like arthritis.
- Signs of pain: Limping, avoiding certain movements, restlessness, or changes in behaviour.
- What to do: Observe your dog for additional signs of pain and consult your vet to identify the cause and treatment.
4. Medical Conditions
a. Heart Disease
Panting can be an early sign of heart issues like congestive heart failure. This is especially true for older dogs or breeds prone to heart problems.
- What to do: Look for additional signs such as coughing, fatigue, or swelling in the abdomen. Seek veterinary advice promptly.
b. Respiratory Disorders
Conditions like bronchitis, pneumonia, or collapsing trachea can cause laboured breathing and panting. Brachycephalic (flat-faced) breeds like Bulldogs or Pugs are particularly prone to respiratory issues.
- What to do: Monitor their breathing patterns and avoid strenuous activity. Visit your vet for diagnosis and treatment.
c. Cushing’s Disease
Cushing’s disease, caused by overproduction of cortisol, often leads to excessive panting, increased appetite, and a pot-bellied appearance.
- What to do: If your dog shows multiple symptoms of Cushing’s, your vet may recommend blood tests and imaging for confirmation.
d. Allergies or Intolerances
Panting can sometimes be linked to an allergic reaction or food intolerance. If panting occurs alongside symptoms like itching, digestive upset, or ear infections, food may be the culprit.
- What to do: Review their diet and consider testing for intolerances with a trusted tool like My Pet Sensitivity’s food intolerance tests.
5. Medication Side Effects
Certain medications, such as steroids or pain relievers, can increase panting as a side effect.
- What to do: Consult your vet to discuss alternative treatments or adjust the dosage if necessary.
6. Age and Obesity
Older or overweight dogs may pant more frequently due to decreased stamina or difficulty regulating body temperature.
- What to do: Support your dog with weight management, appropriate exercise, and a tailored diet.
What to Do if Your Dog is Panting Excessively
Step 1: Assess the Situation
Look at your dog’s environment and recent activities. Are they hot, stressed, or recovering from exertion?
- Offer water and a cool space if heat is a factor.
- Remove any stressors if anxiety is the cause.
Step 2: Observe Other Symptoms
Watch for accompanying signs like:
- Vomiting, diarrhoea, or appetite loss.
- Unusual posture or movements.
- Changes in gum colour (blue or pale gums require immediate attention).
Step 3: Take Action
- For mild cases (e.g., heat or temporary anxiety), offer support and monitor their recovery.
- If symptoms persist or seem serious, contact your vet.
When to See a Vet
You should seek immediate veterinary care if your dog:
- Pants heavily without stopping for over 30 minutes.
- Exhibits signs of heatstroke, like drooling or collapse.
- Shows additional symptoms like coughing, lethargy, or pale gums.
- Is a brachycephalic breed struggling to breathe.
Your vet may run tests, including blood work, X-rays, or ultrasounds, to pinpoint the cause.
How to Prevent Excessive Panting in the Future
1. Monitor Activity Levels
Avoid overexertion, especially during hot or humid weather. Exercise your dog in the early morning or late evening when temperatures are cooler.
2. Keep Them Cool
Provide plenty of shade and water during warm months. Cooling mats and vests can also help.
3. Reduce Stress
Identify and manage your dog’s anxiety triggers. Behavioural training or calming aids may help with chronic stress.
4. Check Their Diet
Feeding your dog a high-quality, balanced diet is key to their overall health. If you suspect certain foods may be causing discomfort, My Pet Sensitivity’s food intolerance tests can help you identify potential triggers and make informed choices.
Conclusion
Excessive panting in dogs can be a sign of many things, from harmless factors like heat and excitement to more serious conditions like heart disease or allergies. By understanding the context and observing for additional symptoms, you can take appropriate action to help your dog feel more comfortable.
If food intolerance is contributing to your dog’s discomfort, consider using My Pet Sensitivity’s food allergy test. It’s a simple way to uncover problem ingredients and ensure your dog gets the diet they need to thrive.
Your dog’s health and happiness depend on quick responses to their needs. With a little care and observation, you can ensure they’re always breathing easy.